Antibiotics are medicines that kill bacteria or stop them from multiplying. They don’t work on viruses, so taking one for a cold or flu won’t help. The right antibiotic can clear an infection fast, but the wrong use can cause side effects and make germs tougher to treat.
Most antibiotics come in pills, liquids, or topical creams. Your doctor chooses the type based on the infection’s location, the bacteria involved, and your medical history. Always follow the prescription exactly – finish the whole course even if you start feeling better.
Only start an antibiotic if a healthcare professional says you need it. Common reasons include strep throat, urinary tract infections, bacterial pneumonia, and certain skin infections. If you’re unsure, ask your doctor why the drug was chosen and whether a wait‑and‑watch approach might work.
Take the drug at the same times each day. Some need food, others work best on an empty stomach. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember – unless it’s almost time for the next one, then skip the missed dose and continue as normal. Never double up.
Resistance happens when bacteria adapt and the drug no longer kills them. Skipping doses, stopping early, or using leftover antibiotics all speed up this process. That’s why finishing the full prescription matters.
Never share your antibiotics with friends or family. Their infection may be caused by a different bug, and the drug could be ineffective or harmful. Also, keep a clean environment – wash hands, cover wounds, and disinfect surfaces to stop germs from spreading.
If you notice a rash, diarrhea, or strange feelings while on an antibiotic, call your doctor right away. Some side effects are mild, but others, like severe allergic reactions, need immediate attention.
Pro tip: ask your pharmacist for a medication guide. It often includes common side effects, drug interactions, and tips for storing the medicine safely.
Understanding antibiotics helps you use them wisely and stay healthy. Keep this guide handy the next time you or a loved one gets a prescription – the right move now can prevent bigger problems later.
